Week 5 (ES)


In today’s class we were told that we would learn all about ‘Typographic Anatomy’.

Ascender: It is a portion of a character that extends above the mean line.

Descender: It is the portion of a character that extrudes below the base line. We continued to learn about all parts of all alphabets.

Bowl: It is the enclosed rounded part of the character. The highlighted part is the bowl of a character.

Stem: vertical stroke in upright character. The highlighted part is the stem of a                               character.

Cross bar: horizontal stroke in a character. The highlighted part is the crossbar. 

Cross stroke: horizontal stroke intersects stem of lowercase ‘t’ or ‘f’. The highlighted                                   part is the cross stroke. 

Tail: descending stroke, often decorative. The highlighted part is the tail. 

Leg: lower down sloping stroke of ‘K’ and ‘k’. Excluding any serif. The highlighted part is the leg.

Counter: open space in fully or partly closed area in character. The highlighted part is the counter.

Eye: much like counter, eye refers specifically to unclosed space in lowercase ‘e’.

Ear: small stroke extending from upper right side of bowl of lowercase ‘g’, appears on angled or curved lowercase ‘r’.

Link: stroke that connects the top and bottom bowls of lowercase double story g’s.

Loop: the enclosed or partially enclosed counter below the base line of a lowercase double story g. 

Shoulder: curved stroke aiming downward from a stem. The highlighted part is the shoulder. 

Spine: main curved stroke of lowercase or capital ‘S’. 

Terminal/finial: terminal is the end of stroke that does not include a serif. The highlighted part is the terminal. 

Tear-drop terminal: tear-dropped ends of strokes in letters of some typefaces. 

Apex: point at top of character where two strokes meet. 

Aperture: opening at the end of an open counter. Aperture

Diagonal stroke/arm: horizontal or upward slopping stroke that does not connect to stroke or stem on one or both ends. 

Hairline: thin stroke usually common to serif typefaces. 


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